The pair had a. Getty Everything Sammi Sweetheart Has Said About Jersey Shore Since Leaving the Show Personal Life: Dating, Girlfriends, Wife, Kids, Net Worth, Salary & Earnings of Ronnie Jersey Shorein 2023, Angelica Hale Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Weight, Biography, Wiki and Career Details, Malcolm Nance Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Weight, Biography, Wiki and Career Details, Chrissy Metz Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Weight, Biography, Wiki and Career Details. He got prominent when he appeared in the MTV series titled Jersey Shore. This show premiered on 4th December in the year 2009 and continued for six seasons and ended in the year 2012. He is so huge! Ronnie Ortiz Margo is a famous reality TV personality and actor, and he rose to fame after being featured on the television reality Jersey Shore This show opened a lot of doors for Ronnie and has since been featured in other shows and movies like the TNA impact wrestling. Real Name/Full Name Currently, he is living a very happy single life. This show was surprisingly a hit from the day its first episode was released which was in the year 2009. By born He is from The Bronx, New York (United States). Sammimay be sweet, but her Pisces personality, known to absorb her surroundings and have a short fuse at times, clashed with many of her housemates, especially her ex-lover Ronnie. Sadly, Ronnie was not able to receive any award for any of his shows, even not his debut show the Jersey Shore. When the show was over in 2012, he signed a contract with Xenadrine brand, which he endorses now. Ronnie appeared in Impact Wrestling show, where he was defeated. The Rhode-Island native DJ has always been the life of the party, and he still is at the age of 40. . For more information, visit About Adult BMI.. He has utilized his popularity and launched a merchandise line Jersey Laundry, and this has been received positively by his fanatics. Many people condemn Ronnie is being rude with his TV show partner Sammi Sweetheart Giancola. Ronnie Jersey Shore Net Worth 2023: Age, Height, Weight, Girlfriend, Dating, Bio-Wiki. Besides bodybuilding workout is focused mostly on appearance, while strength workouts helps develop endurance and other basic skills of the body. We have added the Saahil Sehgal's net worth, biography, age, height, weight, etc what you need. Just a few months into their romance, they announced they were expecting a baby. The Price Is Right host, Greg Davies height, weight. Also Read: Cristina Greeven Cuomo Wiki Roger Mathews Wife Sharon Hendricks lives in Bay Shore, NY Below are the results we could find for Sharon Hendricks. He was born in 1975 on 17th 1st June in Cherryfield, Maine, USA, now his age is 44 years as of 2019. He was quite known for his funny characters so he also got the opportunity to work in a popular television series called the Famously Single. The 34-year-old emergency medical technician has been married to Chris Larangeira since 2019. *He belongs to both Italian and Puerto Rican descent. Ronnie Ortiz-Magro More known for his rocky 5-year on-and-off relationship with housemate Sammi "Sweetheart" Giancola, Ronnie is a constant source of drama in the Jersey Shore franchise. Height in Feet: 5 6. Talking about Ronnies academic life it is very limited in terms of information. The birth name of this Television Actor is Ronald J. Ortiz-Magro, Jr.. People and his relatives often call him Ronnie Jersey Shore. Ronnie Ortiz-Magro has decided to return to, Ronnie was arrested in Los Angeles, California, on April 22, 2021, domestic violence against his former girlfriend, Jen Harley, How Ronnie Ortiz-Magro Met His Girlfriend, Saffire Matos, After one year of getting engaged, Ronnie and Saffire are calling it quits, A Former Jersey Shore Producer Spilled Secrets On The Cast In A Reddit AMA. Ronnie Magro or popularly known as Ronnie Jersey Shore is a very well-known American Television personality. He has seen a lot of difficulties while growing up and thus is a very humble person. But he was not disheartened by it as he was able to win the hearts of many people from all over the world. Do you know Ronnie Jersey Shore? Before he heads home, he does a lot of stretching using a foam roller to increase the elasticity of his muscles and joints, and prevent injury. Many people are impressed by his strong big body. Since 2009, Jersey Shore has become a household name in reality television, which led to an entire nation defining the state of New Jersey based on the original cast's crazy personalities. JWoww is just as much of a financial powerhouse as her BFF Snooki, with an estimated net worth of $4 million, according to Celebrity Net Worth . In April 2021, he was arrested after being involved in a domestic violence incident. Ronnie Ortiz-Magro clearly loves getting into trouble as he's been a magnet for controversy forever. In more recent years, she has been known for herformer marriage with Roger Mathews, with whom she shares 2 children. Apart from this, he has also been featured in a series and impact wrestling. -House 01-16-2010, 02:39 PM #2 DominicT According to media outlets, he was in town to ask his girlfriend to marry him, but the news of his arrest broke soon after. Age/How Old: 'Jersey Shore' Letter to Sammi: an Oral History of the Infamous Note Entertainment Gym, Tan, and Lying Ronnie the true story behind Snooki and JWoww's infamous letter to Sammi on 'Jersey Shore' Twelve years later, the show's cast and crew told Insider how it all went down and why they think the letter is still so beloved. He was detained on "suspicion of intimate partner violence with injuries and priors" after an alleged incident with his latest girlfriend, Saffire Matos. #JSFamilyVacation is all-new Jerzdays at 8p on MTV! He is an emerging Television Actor at present. Also find Personal Life, estimated Net Worth, Salary, Age, Career & Full Biography of Ronnie Jersey Shore. He does not like to share too many details about the same. He had a very simple childhood moment and is very grateful to have such a supportive family. Height: 5'9 . Lauryn McClain Height, Weight and a Rollerblading Hobby, Lauryn Hill Height, Weight and a Perfect Mother Appearance. Ronnie from " Jersey Shore " allegedly got into a physical confrontation with his baby mama . The reality star, 35, revealed that he is planning to return to "Jersey Shore: Family Vacation" by the end of its fifth season now that. The Jersey Shore cast have been some of reality TV's most infamous characters. He has also worked in the Famously Single and Snookie & JWOWW series. He ended his relationship with his girlfriend, Jen Harley, who is also the mother of his daughter. The first real sign that something was wrong with their home life was when Jen was arrested in June 2018 for domestic battery. Does Ronnie Magro From 'Jersey Shore' Have Fake Abs? interesting the show also put him down as 5ft 6I mean it's a lot more believable than his own 5ft 8 claim. 4 Jenni "JWoww" Farley: $4 Million. Larry Birkhead He has been considered an inspiration by a lot of people especially teenagers. Due to some arguments, they fought on New Years Eve, and that was the time when they separated. Where is the birthplace of Ronnie Jersey Shore? Ronnie worked in his dads Real estate firm before joining the cast of the reality hit show Jersey shore, which aired in MTV. 1. After going on blind dates with women his friends picked out for him, Ronnie proves that he has matured by making an unexpected decision at the . Father: Ronald Magro (Real Estate Businessman) The Instagram model, who shares a 3-year-old daughter, Ariana, with ex Ronnie, was arraigned on the charges in a Nevada court this week. Besides bodybuilding workout is focused mostly on appearance, while strength workouts helps develop endurance and other basic skills of the body. Wentworth Earl Miller III He began dating Jen Harley in 2017, they welcomed a daughter together in April 2018 before hitting splitsville later that month. Ronnie is a star of MTV's hit reality franchise Jersey Shore (Picture: FilmMagic) Ronnie was released from Van Nuys jail the night of the incident after posting $100,000 (72k) bail. He was booked at 4:15 p.m. and remains behind bars. Part of sketch show, We Are Klang. He is so huge! There isnt any information about his high school and college as he has managed to keep his early life private. Serena Williams Celebrity Plastic Surgery, Drew Careys height and weight. Related: Does Ronnie Magro From 'Jersey Shore' Have Fake Abs? Well, how well do you know about Ronnie Jersey Shore? Occupation: Television personality, Actor What is the height of Ronnie Jersey Shore? Though, he is 5 5 in feet and inches and 168 cm in Centimetres tall, he weighs about 224 lbs in Pound and 102kg in Kilograms. Ronnie isn't the only 'Jersey Shore' cast member with a song of their own. He has been considered an inspiration by a lot of people especially teenagers. Who is Ronnie Jersey Shore ? On the other hand, the Jersey Shore star is also a father to his three-year-old daughter Ariana Sky, who he co-parents with his ex Jen Harley. At the same time they criticize Ronnie for using steroids as his way to get shape is unhealthy. Ronnie, 35 . He became more popular among the common masses after his show called, the jersey show became more famous among people. She is the second tallest of the girls of the house, measuring in at 5'5". Known for his beefy build and fiery temper on MTV's Jersey Shore, the 28-year-old reality star recently revealed that his muscles had . On 26th October, he appeared in IMPACT WRESTLING in Macon, where he got beaten by Rob Terry and Robbie E. In the year 2012, he appeared in THE THREE STOOGES. The pair announced their engagement on the afternoon of Monday, June 21, and so far none. Ronnie Ortiz-Magro is stepping away from the Jersey Shore franchise to seek treatment for mental health issues. He also took part in a real fun show called the fear factor. The shows first episode was aired on 3 November the same year, and they formed a tag team partnership with Eric Young after they were beaten by Rob Terry and Robbie E the previous week. His height is 1.68m tall, and his weight is 102 kg. Is Ronald J. Ortiz-Magro, Jr. married or single? He is also a major suspect in a burglary at his ex-girlfriends home. He started dating Sammi Giancola in the year 2009. In 2017, he came into a relationship with Jen Harley and had a baby daughter in the next year. We will surely keep you posted as soon as we get any details about Ronnies academic life. Learn how your comment data is processed. Being born on December 4, 1985, Ronnie Jersey Shore is 37 years old as of todays date 5th March 2023. Then in the fall of that year, they had a series of breakups, many of which involved Ronnie claiming he was the victim of abuse in their family home. In the year 2017, he appeared in reality series show, FAMOUSLY SINGLE second season. Together with the other co-stars of Jersey Show, they appeared on The Three Stooges film in 2012. Ronnie Ortiz Magro's Height 5ft 6 (167.6 cm) American reality TV personality known for Jersey Shore. Shoe Size: 12 (US) Ronnie Ortiz-Magro Family Details: Father: Ronald Magro (Real Estate Businessman) Since Ronnie's time on Jersey Shore Family Vacation came to an end (for now), he's been devoting his attention to his sobriety, his mental and physical health, and to his life as a dad to his four-year-old daughter, Ariana Sky Magro. This was after reportedly arguing a lot with the Jersey Shore star. Nick Name/Celebrated Name: He worked for his father in real estate before becoming part of MTVs hit reality show Jersey Shore in August 2009. Being very good looking, muscular, and a lover of fun suited the reality show very well, his relationship also with the fellow cast of the show Sammi Sweetheart Giancoli also is what made him gain fame and the show to sale. Even though his relationships were not too stable, and he acted very rudely with his girlfriends, but he himself apologized in front of the camera to every person he had acted very rudely. and it was caught on video. He shares ancestry from Puerto Rico and Italy. Contents 1 Jersey Shore 1.1 Season 3 1.2 Season 4 1.3 Season 5 2 =Season 6 3 Trivia Jersey Shore Season 3 Larry Birkhead RELATED:The Real Housewives Of Salt Lake City: Season 1 Reunion Outfits, Ranked. Though, he is 5 5 in feet and inches and 168 cm in Centimetres tall, he weighs about 224 lbs in Pound and 102kg in Kilograms. His attorney, Scott Leemon, said, "They're happy the court was satisfied with Ron's completion of a rehab program. Ronnie Ortiz-Magro made his first TV show appearance as himself in an episode titled A New Familyof the drama reality series Jersey Shore in 2009. She was his first girlfriend, who was also in the show, Jersey Shore. We are waiting for you. He has appeared in IMPACT WRESTLING and Xenadrine Ads. He had stepped away to seek medical treatment for his mental health issues, and now he is back. The rest of the gang returns to MTV with a new season of "Jersey Shore Family Vacation" on January 26. Weight in Kilogram: 74 kg Height in Feet: 5 9" Height in Meters: 1.77 m Body Build/Type: Muscular Shoe Size: 10 (US) Pauly D Family Details Father: Paul D. DelVecchio Sr. In 2016, Ortiz-Magro dated Malika Haqq. Ronnie Ortiz-Magro became popular like the participant of TV show Jersey Shore and like a bodybuilder too. Here are some social media links available that follow Ronnie Jersey Shore. The series' January 6, 2022 episode highlighted his exit, as the entire cast reacted to headlines about Ronnie . *He was born on December 4, 1985 in The Bronx, New York, USA. Ronnie has achieved a lot throughout his career, like being a successful actor and television personality. I am a journalist by profession. Season 4 12/10/2020. The 5'10" heartthrob was known for being the single one of the cast but has finally settled down with Nikki Hall, whom he met on his reality show, Double Shot at Love. if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[580,400],'thepersonage_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_3',103,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-thepersonage_com-medrectangle-3-0'); Do you have an interest in the Ronald J. Ortiz-Magro, Jr. age? He weighs about 102 KG. He holds an American nationality, and he also has a half-brother named James. CNN Ronnie Ortiz-Magro, a cast member of MTV's reality television show "Jersey Shore," has been arrested on a domestic violence allegation, according to the Los Angeles Police Department. Jersey Shore. It's been played, stabbed, cheated, burned, and broken, but somehow still works." Let check the table below to know about marital status and other information. We have also added the favorite personalities and things in the section. Her 5'1" build fits right in with Snooki'sheight, being on the shorter end of the cast. At the same time they criticize Ronnie for using steroids as his way to get shape is unhealthy. As of March 2023, Ronnie Ortiz Magro Net Worth is estimated to be approximately $4 million. Nevertheless, Ronnie Ortiz-Magro has decided to return to Jersey Shore after a year of his arrest. VIEW ALL INFORMATION. Height/How Tall: Johnny Ray Gill is a renowned American Stage actor and screen actor. Ronnie was arrested on 4 October 2019 in Los Angeles and was charged with domestic violence after he had a physical altercation with his Ex-Girlfriend Harley. Ronnie Ortiz-Magro made his first theatrical film appearance as Ronnie in a family-comedy movie The Three Stooges in 2012. Not available. Maybe you know about Ronnie Jersey Shore very well, but do you know how old and tall is he and what is his net worth in 2023? Though, he is 5 5 in feet and inches and 168 cm in Centimetres tall, he weighs about 224 lbs in Pound and 102kg in Kilograms. Shoe Size: 12 (US), Ronnie Ortiz-Magro Family Details: *He has a T-shirt line called Jersey Laundry. I am positive that his net worth will definitely grow in the future because, despite being very young, he is also very business-minded. Birth Name: Ronald Jonathan Ortiz-Magro He met Malika Haqq, whom he met on the set for the show famously single but later broke up. Well, if youre ready, lets start. Other notable members of the family in the show were Nicole Snooki Polizzi,Mike The Situation Sorrentino,Jenni JWOWW Farley, and Deena Nicole Cortese. He has seen a lot of difficulties while growing up and thus is a very humble person. In late April 2018, the couple ended their relationship. Last week, the reality show . 2 June 1972 Then he dated Jen Harley with whom they have a daughter together called Ariana Sky Margo. Being the natural Saggitarius he is, his honesty can be brutal and get him in trouble, although he can still easily impress others with his personality. RELATED:The Amazing Race: The 10 Most Dominant Teams Ranked By Leg Wins. Ronnie was born on December 4, 1985, in The Bronx, New York. "Hopefully the end of season 5 [I'll be . He is still dating his longterm sweet heart Sammi Giancola. 2013) Siblings: Vanessa DelVecchio (Sister) Jersey Shore stand-out Ronnie Ortiz-Magro first popped up on television screens in 2009 as one of seven strangers who moved into a beach house in Seaside Heights, New Jersey. He had a very simple childhood moment and is very grateful to have such a supportive family. Ronnie Ortiz-Magro is an American reality television personality and actor, best known as one of the eight main cast members in the MTV reality series Jersey Shore. How 'Jersey Shore' Dealt with Ronnie's Arrest and Exit In Season Premiere View Story. We have added the Toby Turner's net worth, biography, age, height,, Ronnie Jersey Shore net worth, Age, Weight, Bio-Wiki, Wife, Kids, Cuba Gooding Jr Net worth, Age: Kids, Weight, Bio-Wiki, Wife, Blake Anderson Net worth, Age: Weight, Bio-Wiki, Wife, Kids, Abi Hassan Height, Age, Affairs, Net Worth, Bio and More, Daggubati Venkatesh Height, Affairs, Age, Net Worth, Bio and More, Saahil Sehgal Height, Wiki, Net Worth, Age and More, John C. McGinley net worth, Bio-Wiki, Weight, Age, Wife, Kids, Kinshuk Vaidya Affairs, Height, Net Worth, Age, Bio and More, Johnny Ray Gill net worth, Wife, Age, Kids, Bio-Wiki, Weight, Toby Turner Net worth, Age: Bio-Wiki, Kids, Wife, Weight, Bruce Dern Age, Net worth: Weight, Bio-Wiki,, Yash Dholye Affairs, Age, Net Worth, Height,, Danny DeVito Age, Net worth: Wife, Weight,, Abhinav Kapoor Height, Age, Affairs, Net Worth,, George Hamilton net worth, Wife, Weight, Bio-Wiki,, Top 7 Celebrities Who Never Finished High School, The Most Intelligent Woman of our Time Chess, Dionne Warwick Age, Net worth: Wife, Kids, Weight, Bio-Wiki, Zaytoven net worth, Kids, Weight, Age, Wife, Bio-Wiki, Ruhanika Dhawan Net Worth, Height, Affairs, Age, Bio and More. Well, how well do you know about Ronnie Jersey Shore? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. After stepping away from filming for over a year, Ronnie Ortiz Magro will most likely never return to Jersey Shore: Family Vacation. Kinshuk Vaidya is Actor from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Relatives: Joaquin Melendez, Ronnie Crisp, Alejandro Melendez, Almira Roldan, Carlos Cruz. He practiced strength training and then got interested in bodybuilding training. With his remarkable acting talent and persona, he has been able to be an idol for youth. Even though his relationships were not too stable, and he acted very rudely with his girlfriends, but he himself apologized in front of the camera to every person he had acted very rudely. Ronnie Ortiz-Magro has amassed more than 2 million followers on Instagram, more than 2 million followers on Twitter, and more than 1 million followers on Facebook. This site uses cookies to serve you better. Nick Name/Celebrated Name: Weight in pounds = 5 x BMI + (BMI divided by 5) x (Height in inches minus 60) Weight in kilograms = 2.2 x BMI + (3.5 x BMI) x (Height in meters minus 1.5) The biggest differences between the older equations and the newer equation come in the taller height range. He has a younger half-brother named Rob Krager. Simply the Worlds Most Interesting Travel Site, The Truth About Ronnie's Scandals Before, During, And After Jersey Shore, purchasing a stunning nearly $1 million modern home in Las Vegas, Nevada. In the same year they decided to separate their ways. Ronnie Magro or popularly known as Ronnie Jersey Shore is a very well-known American Television personality. Ive been hearing a lot about this one guy on the TV show! the fans leave such comments about Ronnie. She and her husband are expecting another baby boy in May 2021. This show was surprisingly a hit from the day its first episode was released which was in the year 2009. As a result of this incident, the star quit Jersey Shore temporarily in season five to focus on his mental health, and all of his fellow casts supported him. This is all about Ronald J. Ortiz-Magro, Jr.s net worth, bio, height, weight, and other information. Ronnie Ortiz-Magro wasn't in the opening credits of the "Jersey Shore Family Vacation" Season 5 premiere on Thursday, Jan. 6, on MTV, but he sure was on the episode. Height Normal weight BMI 19-24 Overweight BMI 25-29 Obesity BMI 30-39 Severe obesity BMI 40+ 4 ft 10 in (58 in) 91-115 lb: 119-138 lb: 143-186 lb Ronnie Ortiz-Magro is an American actor and TV personality, best known for starring as himself in the MTV channel reality TV series Jersey Shore from December 4, 2009, until 2012, when it officially ended. The reality star, 36, made an appearance on Thursday night's . Nicknames: Ronnie, Ron Ronnie grew up in New York together with his mother and stepfather. Ronnie Jersey Shore is 1.68 m tall. Talking about Ronnies academic life it is very limited in terms of information. Celebrity Details, Body Statistics & More Ronnie Ortiz-Magro: Bio, Height, Weight, Age, Measurements, Ameesha Patel: Bio, Height, Weight, Age, Measurements, Ricardo Montalban: Bio, Height, Weight, Age, Career, Michael Clarke Duncan: Bio, Height, Weight, Age, Measurements, Roshni Chopra: Bio, Height, Weight, Age, Measurements. The 34-year-old reigns from New Egypt, NJ from a very Italian-American family. Dubbed as a "dirty little hamster," Angelina was the only OG cast member who left the house 2 times on eviction or her own terms. When the news took place, fans found out that she was the one that put in the 911 call. Being not tall, Ronnie seems really huge and theres not a single drop of fat on his body, as the star consists completely of muscles. CelebHeights.com Rob Paul 2004-2023. His height is 1.68m tall, and his weight is 102 kg. But in any case, if you want to look like Ronnie Ortiz-Magro, choose some bodybuilding routine and practice it 4-5 times per week. Home; Mike (Situation) Sorrentino March 1, 2011 Name: Mike Sorrentino . Weight in Kilogram: 86 kg. Being a male Cancer sign, he may have come off tough on the outside at the beginning of the series, but deep down is a very personable, understanding man. Being a staple to television sets and social media accounts for the past decade, it is like the whole country knows them and has grown up with them since their start in Seaside. But after dating her for six years, he got bored and broke up with her in the year 2014. How much money does his make? And who knows, maybe soon we will hear the wedding bells ringing? Ronnie's baby mama, Jen Harley, took to Instagram . Ronnie Magro is a famous American television personality and actor, and he is known for his work in the show Jersey Shore. *He appeared on Jersey Shore for all six seasons. Ronnies role in the 3rd season of the show was already confirmed and will premiere in 2019. Many people are impressed by his strong big body. Residence: Las Vegas, Nevada, USA Sexual Orientation: Straight, Ronnie Ortiz-Magro Body Statistics: 2 June 1972 years old At home, he no longer drinks alcohol and gave up simple carbohydrates such as chips and cake for high-protein food such as grilled chicken and steamed fish, as well as various salads. Heights are barefeet estimates, derived from quotations, official websites, agency resumes, in person encounters with actors at conventions and pictures/films. If not much, here is what we know about Ronnie Jersey Shore to date. More known for his rocky 5-year on-and-off relationship with housemate Sammi "Sweetheart" Giancola, Ronnie is a constant source of drama in the Jersey Shore franchise. A true Capricorn, Deena is a very family-and goal-oriented woman. Although Ronnie Ortiz-Magro 's decision to take a break from Jersey Shore: Family Vacation left the door open for his ex Sammi "Sweetheart" Giancola to return her costars . Eye Color: Dark Brown Her 4'8" stature has helped lend her the nickname of being a "meatball" in the house, along with her close friend and housemate Deena Cortese. NEXT: Jersey Shore: 5 Moments That Are Still Entertaining (& 5 That Aged Very Poorly), Jersey Shore: Relationship Status, Age, Height & Zodiac Of The OG Cast, The Real Housewives Of Salt Lake City: Season 1 Reunion Outfits, Ranked, The Amazing Race: The 10 Most Dominant Teams Ranked By Leg Wins, 10 Survivor Heroes & Their MCU Counterparts, The 33-year-old was the only member to not return to the reboot, Big Brother: 10 Things The Show Could Borrow From Survivor, The 33-year-old has been married to Jionni LaValle since 2014, Her 5'1" build fits right in with Snooki'sheight, Jersey Shore: 5 Moments That Are Still Entertaining (& 5 That Aged Very Poorly), Love Is Blind's Damian & THTH's Francesca's Relationship Explained, What Happened To The Cast After Perfect Match Season 1, The Masked Singer: California Roll Identity Prediction & Clues. It's been a while since the fam saw Ronnie. The U.S. Sun can exclusively reveal that Ronnie, 36, won physical custody of his daughter after a judge ruled in his favor. He may stand at 5'6", but his muscular build makes up for his height compared to his male housemates. We have added the Abi Hassan's net worth, biography, age, height, weight, etc what you need. Ronnie picked the name for his daughter long before she was even born, as he joked about having kids in the future during the early days of his relationship with Jennifer Harley. Well, if youre ready, lets start. Jersey Shore Family Vacation star Ronnie Ortiz-Magro is known as one of the eight prominent cast members of the show.
Dominican Avocado Nutrition Facts,
Central Bobcats Youth Football Knoxville, Tn,
Articles R
